Local Transportation Policy and the Environment
نویسنده
چکیده
The paper introduces a simple framework for analyzing the environmental effects of local transportation policies, and it reviews some evidence. In several cases, subsidies for local public transportation have led to substantial reductions in road transportation and have thereby reduced externalities. Some but not all estimates suggest positive overall welfare effects of such policies. In the rare cases where road pricing has been applied, it has helped to reduce automobile transportation, and it has led to environmental improvements. The experience with specific driving restrictions like “days without cars” and “low emission zones” has been mixed. Local transportation policy can have a useful role to play as a complement to national policy instruments, but neither efficiency nor effectiveness can be taken for granted. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-010-9447-5 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-51084 Originally published at: Schmutzler, Armin (2011). Local transportation policy and the environment. Environmental and Resource Economics, 48(3):511-535. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-010-9447-5 Local Transportation Policy and the Environment
منابع مشابه
Lessons for Policy Makers in Non-High Speed Rail Countries: A Review
High speed intercity passenger rail is an inherently strong railway application. It operates over 250 km/hour. For perspective, high-speed represents the ultimate development of preexisting standard gauge infrastructure. Network of high-speed passenger rail lines aimed at reducing accident, reducing traffic congestion, air pollution cutting national dependence on foreign oil and improving rural...
متن کاملQualitative Exploration of Cross-Sector Perspectives on the Contributions of Local Health Departments in Land-Use and Transportation Policy
INTRODUCTION Transportation and land-use policies can affect the physical activity of populations. Local health departments (LHDs) are encouraged to participate in built-environment policy processes, which are outside their traditional expertise. Cross-sector collaborations are needed, yet stakeholders' perceptions of LHD involvement are not well understood. The objective of this study was to d...
متن کاملIndicators of activity-friendly communities: an evidence-based consensus process.
BACKGROUND Regular physical activity, even at modest intensities, is associated with many health benefits. Most Americans, however, do not engage in the recommended levels. As practitioners seek ways to increase population rates of physical activity, interventions and advocacy efforts are being targeted to the community level. Yet, advocates, community leaders, and researchers lack the tools ne...
متن کاملEnvironmental and Economic Evaluation of Municipal Solid Waste Management using WAGS Model – Air Pollutant Emission and Fuel Economy in Waste Collection Sector
Solid waste collection, transfer and transportation (SWCTT) is a fundamental component of solid waste management systems that contributes to both the costs and environmental emissions associated with managing solid waste. The objective of this study is to project the fuel consumption and fuel costs of SWCTT in Tehran from 2018 to 2032. A further objective is to evaluate the air pollutant emissi...
متن کاملIntroduction: transportation and environmental sustainability
A brief history of transportation and the environment The relationship between transportation, technology and the environment is long standing. In the early 1920s, the car was first viewed as an improvement over the horse-polluted city environment. By the early 1930s, interest in an Interstate Highway System grew as a means to help get cars and trucks out of the mud. But, as automobile ownershi...
متن کامل